حروف الجر Prepositions

حروف الجر Prepositionsحروف
الجر كثيرة ومتشابكة , فقد يكون للحرف الواحد أكثر منمعنى وذلك حسب موقعه
في الجملة . و الطريقة المثلى لتعلم حروف الجر هي التدرب عليها من خلال جمل
وليست كحروف منفصلة . A preposition shows the relation between the
subject an object .

There are also prepositions of time and prepositions of place .

تدل حروف الجر على العلاقة بين الفاعل والمفعول به ويوجد أيضاً حروف جر دالة

على الزمن وحروف جر دالة على المكان .

أستخدام حروف الجر Use of prepositions

1 - IN

الأستخدام Use

فصل Season

سنة Year

شهر Month

الصباح The morning

المساء The evening

في الداخل To mean above

مثال Example

The trees grow in spring .

I was born in 1968 .

The test is in May .

I go to work in the morning .

I go home in the evening .

He is in the mosque .

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2 - ON

الأستخدام Use

الأيام Day

الأيام + الفترة Day + morning , night

التاريخ Afternoon , evening ,date

أيام خاصة Special days

بمعنى فوق To mean above

مثال Example

on Monday

on Friday morning

My birthday is on June10 .

I will travel on National Day

The tea is on the table .

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3 - AT

الأستخدام Use

الوقت Time

الأعياد والأحتفالات Festiva

أوقات الوجبات meal times

نهاية الأسبوع The weekend

الظهر Noon

الليل Night

للمكان To mean place

مثال Example

I will come back at 2o'clock .

I will meet you at the school festival .

I will talk to my father at lunch .

We will travel at the weekend .

We pray at noon everyday .

We sleep at night

He is at the grocer's .

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4 - AT

الأستخدام Use

في مكان محدد at an exact place

في العمل at work

على الطاولة at the table

مثال Example

He lives at number 5 , King Fahad Street .

Ahmed is at work .

They are standing at the dinner table .

under

بمعنى تحت

The cat is under the table .

in front of

بمعنى أمام

The teacher is in front of the class .

to

مكان / اتجاه direction / place

I go to school everyday .

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حروف الجر الدالة على المكان Preposition of place

with

بمعنى بـ

I write with a pen .

from

بمعنى من

I am from Riyadh .

behind

بمعنى خلف

The wall is behind the class .

between

بمعنىبين

Samah is sitting between Fatma and Salwa .

4 - ON

الأستخدام Use

TV على شاشة التليفزيون

Time الوقت المحدد

مثال Example

Ali watches on TV every Saturday ..

He arrives on time .

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حروف الجر الدالة على المكان Prepositions of place

4- IN

الأستخدام Use

بمعنى داخل To mean inside

في بلد In a country

مدينة / في شارع In a town / street

في الفراش In bed

في مبنى أومنطقة In a building or area

على الكرسي In a chair

مثال Example

Put this book in the box .

I live in Saudi Arabia .

I live in Al-Medina .

The baby is in bed .

You were in the club last night .

Ali is sitting in his chair .

مزيداً من الأمثلة More Examples

فى IN

The medicine is in the bottle .

on على

The knife is on the table .

at عند , بالقرب

Someone is at the door .

near بالقرب من

Ahmed is setting near the window .

between بين

The house is between the school and the mosque .

opposite مقابل

The bank is opposite to the post office .

into داخل , في

The electrician is putting his hand into the TV

onto على

The water is spilling onto the floor .

off من على

The man is falling off the chair .

out of من فوق

The child is falling out of the window .

across عبر , خلال

The carpenter cut across the wood .

over /above فوق , أعلى

The light is over (above) the table.

under / below تحت , أسفل

The fire is under (below) the stairs.

through عبر , خلال

The ball is going through the window .

among وسط

The teacher is sitting among the students .

round حول

The car is going round the tree .

in front of أمام

The child is sitting in front of the TV .

behind خلف , وراء

The headmaster is sitting behind the pupils .

on top of فوق , على

The sweets are on top of the table .

at the side of بجانب

The garage is at the side of the table .

along على طول

The man is walking along the street .

next to بجوار

The bank is next to the baker's .